동사 활용 분류
[필독!!!] 동사 활용 게시판 이용방법 - (예) Have 동사 - 소유하다/겪다/취하다
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동사활용 게시판은 동사의 인칭, 시제에 따른 변형을 제대로 이해하여 회화나 작문시 도움이 되도록 하는데 있습니다.
이 게시판에는 클럽 관리자나 회원이 어떤 동사에 대하여 글을 작성하면 그에 따른 인칭이나 시제에 따른 동사 변화를 다른 회원들이 댓글로 달아주는 형태가 되면 좋을 것 같습니다.
예를 들어, 클럽관리자나 회원중 한명이 게시판에 have 동사에 대하여 다음과 같이 씁니다.
■ 동사변형 : have/has - had - have had (현재 - 과거 - 현재완료), to have (to 부정사), having (현재분사/동명사)
■ Present (현재형)
I have we have
you have you have
he/she/it has they have
■ Past (과거형)
I had we had
you had you had
he/she/it had they had
■ Present progressive (현재 진행형)
I am having we are having
you are having you are having
he/she/it is having they are having
■ Past progressive (과거 진행형)
I was having we were having
you were having you were having
he/she/it was having they were having
■ Present perfect (현재 완료형)
... have had / ... has had ... have had
■ Past perfect (과거 완료형)
... had had ... had had
■ Future (미래형)
... will have ... will have
■ Future progressive (미래 진행형)
... will be having ... will be having
■ Future perfect (미래 완료형)
... will have had ... will have had
■ Past Passive (과거 수동태)
have 동사는 과거형에 수동태를 사용하지 않음.
그러면 각 회원들이 위에 작성된 시제를 보고 그에 따른 예제를 댓글로 다는 것입니다.
(혹시 위에 기술한 것을 부연 설명하면 각 시제의 첫번째는 단수, 두번째는 복수를 기술한 것입니다.)
예를 들면, 한 회원이 현재형에 대한 예를 댓글로 아래와 쓰는 것 입니다.
관련자료
댓글 16
푸른하늘님의 댓글
일반적으로 아래와 같이 현재형 have 동사를 사용하는데,
have breakfast/lunch/dinner/supper/a bite to eat/a light meal.
have a hot or cold drink/a glass of wine/a cup of coffee/some mineral water.
have a shower/a bath/a wash and shave.
have a rest/a snooze/a siesta/a good sleep/a bad dream.
have a walk/a swim/a good time/a nice evening/a day off/a holiday/a good journey/a good trip.
have a word with someone/a chat/a conversation/a quarrel/an argument.
have a headache/a sore throat/hay fever/a bad back/a bad cold.
have a (good) job/some work to do/money/an opportunity/a chance.
위의 현재형 예문과 관련하여 질문할 때 완료형으로 물어보게 됩니다. 예를 들면 다음과 같습니다.
■ Present perfect (현재 완료형) have had/has had
Have they had their breakfast yet? ~ They've had a glass of orange juice, but they haven't had anything to eat yet.
He was in a foul mood when he got back, but now that he's had a shower and a snooze, he's calmed down a bit.
Have you had a nice evening, Barbara? ~ I've had a rotten evening. I had an argument with Tom and I've had enough for one day.
Have you always had hay fever? ~ I've had it every summer since I was 13.
■ Past perfect (과거 완료형) had had
She'd had a lot to drink and wasn't capable of walking home by herself.
After he'd had a good night's sleep, he felt much better.
She sacked him before he had had a chance to explain his behaviour.
By the time he was twenty he'd already had four different jobs.
I'd already had a word with Joan about re-locating to Manchester and now she's had time to think about it, she quite likes the idea.
가정법에서 과거 완료형 사용
If I hadn't had a good education, I would never have got this job.
If she had had children later in life, she would have been a better mother.
If I'd had another ten minutes, I would've finished the examination paper.
Had they had any savings they didn't need, they would've re-paid their son's student loan.
(이상 출처 : http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/learnit/learnitv343.shtml 에서 예문 인용)
푸른하늘님의 댓글
■ have : (어떤 원인을 일으키는 것을) 가지고 있다.
(have + 목적어 + 원형부정사)
I have the kids put away their toys. 나는 그들의 장난감을 멀리 해야하는 아이들을 갖고 있다.
We will have the builder modify the deck. 우리는 데크를 변경할 수 있는 사람(빌더)을 가지게 될 것이다.
(have + 목적어 + 동명사)
He had his crew working on the addition. 그는 추가적인 일을 하는 직원들을 가지고 있었다.
The coach had the team running wind sprints. 그 코치는 바람처럼 달리는 팀을 가지고 있었다.
(have + 과거완료)
I had my watch repaired. 나는 수리한 시계을 가지고 있었다.
They had the wedding reception catered. 그들은 출장요리 피로연이 있는 결혼식을 했었다.
푸른하늘님의 댓글
영어에서 제일 사용빈도가 높고 중요한 동사가 40개가 있다고 합니다. (알파벳 순서)
be bear blow break bring call carry catc h come cut
do feel find get give go have hold keep lay
leave look make move pass play pull put read run
see set show slip stand strike take throw turn work
앞으로 위 40개 동사를 기준으로 먼저 동사활용을 알아보고 그 외 목록에 없는 동사를 알아보겠습니다.
(위에서 열거한 동사들은 책 "The big book of English Verbs" 에서 먼저 알아야 할 필수 동사들 목록 )